Shock

What is “Shock”?

Shock is defined as inadequate tissue perfusion, which means that, during shock, the tissues of the body do not receive adequate oxygenation.  Shock is a potentially lethal condition that can be caused by a number of things.  Injuries involving blood loss, burns, significant pain, allergic reactions, or simply fear or neglect can trigger shock in an individual.  If left untreated, shock can progress to the point where the majority of the body’s blood is made unavailable to vital tissues and organs, causing a drop in body temperature, lowered level of consciousness, and ultimately organ failure and death.

Because shock is commonly associated with other types of injury, it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of shock while you are treating a victim, before it becomes deadly.  The signs of shock are as follows: restlessness and anxiety, pale, cool, and clammy skin, rapid, weak pulse and breathing, pupil dilation, and finally confusion and unresponsiveness.  If you encounter an individual experiencing these signs and symptoms, immediately begin treatment by calming and reassuring the victim.  Lie the victim down in a position of comfort on the floor or other firm surface.  Maintain the victim’s body heat by applying a blanket.  And, if injuries permit, elevate the feet 8”–12” to help circulate blood to the more critical areas.  If the victim becomes unconscious, activate EMS and roll the person on their side to allow drainage of fluids from the mouth.